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1974
Republic of Afghanistan
Mohammad Daoud Khan
1974-1978
After officially forming his government one year later, Daoud Khan presented his version of the Afghan flag, beginning a totally new design system. The band orientation returned to a horizontal position, but the bands are now split in a 2:1 ration, where the green band takes up half the flag. The emblem, now much smaller, is no longer center but top-left aligned; a canton (emblem placed at the top-left of a flag). Presented in a gold and brown palette, the new emblem depicts an eagle encircled by a wheat wreath, topped with an abstract visualization of a rising sun. The bottom of the wreath reads the date and Afghanistan in Farsi. Within the center of the eagle is a combined minbar/mihrab embedded into one another. This abstract motif is later used in flags whose governments adhered to communism. Daoud leaned harder towards alliances with the west as his presidency continued, leaning less and less on the Soviet Union for support. By 1978, The People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA), a socialist political party founded in 1965, grew upset with the lack of progress Daoud Khan had made for the country, with the weak relationship he maintained with the Soviet Union, and with the way he treated the PDPA and its members. In April of 1978, the PDPA led a bloody coup against Daoud Khan at the Arg (Royal Palace), known as the Saur Revolution (Saur ثور being the Solar Hijri month at the time). Daoud and members of his family were executed, some 2,000 of his followers and supporters were killed, and those with previous royal ties were forced to leave the country. This event begins the true unrest that Afghanistan will continue to see for many years to come.